Search results for "VISUAL IMPAIRMENT"

The association between objective vision impairment and mild cognitive impairment among older adults in low- and middle-income countries

2021

Aim: The association between visual impairment and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has not been investigated to date. Thus, we assessed this association among older adults from six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (China, India, Ghana, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa) using nationally representative datasets. Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. Visual acuity was measured using the tumbling ElogMAR chart, and vision impairment (at distance and near) was defined as visual acuity worse than 6/18 (0.48 logMAR) in the better-seeing eye. The definition of MCI was based on the National Institute on Aging…

Organized Sport Participation and Physical Activity Levels among Adolescents with Functional Limitations

2017

Sufficient and regular physical activity is considered a protective factor, reducing the onset of secondary disability conditions in adolescents with chronic diseases and functional limitations. The aim of this study was to explore whether participation in organized sport may be associated to higher levels of physical activity in adolescents with functional limitations, based on a national representative sample. Data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study collected in Finland from two data collection rounds (2002 and 2010) were conducted and pooled from adolescents aged between 13 and 15 years old with functional limitations (n = 1041). Differences in self-reported p…

Visual acuity in relation to functional performance, falls and mortality in old age

2010

In the shadow of threatening norms: How students with visual impairment contest and reproduce institutional positions

2020

This article focuses on semi-narrative guided interviews with students with visual impairment (VI) who attend a state-approved special school for students with VI at the time of the interview, although they had different previous experiences in both segregated and inclusive schools. We are conducting a qualitative analysis from the perspective of teenagers concerning how they negotiate institutional ascriptions of (dis)abilities. We have selected interview sequences of two young people: (a) Kai: self-confidence and internalized self-doubt and (b) Felix: between fighting and claiming ableist divides. Our analyses reveal the different ways of how Kai and Felix each contest the ableist divide…

Disability-related-distress in primary school learners with vision impairment due to uncorrected refractive error in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Af…

2020

Background Uncorrected refractive error (URE) is a major cause of vision impairment among children that impacts negatively on their lives including distresses. We aim to understand the disability-related distress among vision-impaired children due to URE in rural and semi-rural South Africa using qualitative techniques. Methods Structured focus groups of children (aged 5-12 years old) with normal vision and vision impairment due to URE from four schools in Pinetown, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, were performed (four mixed-gender group discussions and eight single gender group discussions). We recruited the study participants after the children underwent standardised vision screening. Criteri…

IMI Prevention of Myopia and Its Progression

2021

The prevalence of myopia has markedly increased in East and Southeast Asia, and pathologic consequences of myopia, including myopic maculopathy and high myopia-associated optic neuropathy, are now some of the most common causes of irreversible blindness. Hence, strategies are warranted to reduce the prevalence of myopia and the progression to high myopia because this is the main modifiable risk factor for pathologic myopia. On the basis of published population-based and interventional studies, an important strategy to reduce the development of myopia is encouraging schoolchildren to spend more time outdoors. As compared with other measures, spending more time outdoors is the safest strategy…

Näkövammaisten apuvälineiden käytettävyys

2015

Näkövammaisille apuvälineet ovat elämää helpottavia, hyödyllisiä, pakollisia, kiusallisiakin mutta välttämättömiä. Ne tarjoavat mahdollisuuden itsenäiseen elämään, harrastamiseen ja työskentelyyn ihmisille, joille se ei ilman olisi mah-dollista. Tutkimuksessa halusin selvittää, millä tasolla näkövammaisten apuvälineiden käytettävyys on tällä hetkellä ja mitä parannettavaa siinä olisi tulevaisuudessa. Tarkoitus oli myös selvittää, mitä apuvälineitä näkövammaiset oikeasti käyttävät. Erityishuomiota tutkimuksessa saivat liikkumisen apuvälineet. Selvittääkseni näitä asioita suoritin käyttäjäkyselyn varsinaiselle käyttäjäryh-mälle. Tämä tehtiin näkövammaisten keskustelufoorumin kautta sähköisest…

Craniopharyngiomas in Children - Experience of Consecutive 152 Operated Cases

2020

Context Craniopharyngiomas (CPH) are benign tumors, rarely encountered in children, representing 5-6% of all intracranial tumors. Objective This study aimed to analyze the surgical management and quality of life in a series of CPH pediatric cases. Design This was a multicenter study performed over a 25-year period (1994 - 2019) in Bucharest. Subjects and methods 152 children (0-17 years old) were treated for CPH. Preoperative manifestations were intracranial hypertension, endocrine dysfunction, visual impairment, ataxia, intellectual performance decrease. Results Considering all surgical approaches used, we advocate for pterional approach to best fit in CPH. We achieved gross-total removal …

Patient and ophthalmologist attitudes concerning compliance and dosing in glaucoma treatment.

2005

The aim of this study was to identify research avenues that might improve patient compliance with glaucoma therapy.500 patients and physicians were interviewed by telephone in 5 European countries, and the results were compiled and evaluated by 2 independent physicians.Most physicians believed that pressure reduction is useful (UK (96%), France (94%), Spain (80%), Italy (72%), and Germany (70%), p0.0001). The majority of physicians believed that noncompliance exists in 0%-25% of patients, whereas 34% of patients admitted to noncompliance. Physicians believed patients would prefer once-daily dosing (92%) and that it would help compliance, whereas 60% of patients preferred once-daily dosing, …

The association between diabetes and cataract among 42,469 community-dwelling adults in six low- and middle-income countries

2018

Background: Cataract is a major cause of visual impairment in people with diabetes, yet a paucity of data is available in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on this comorbidity. Thus we assessed the association between diabetes and cataract in 6 LMICs. Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) was analyzed (n = 42,469 aged ≥18 years). Five years information on self-reported diagnosis of cataract was collected. Three definitions for cataract were used: (a) Self-reported diagnosis and/or past 12-month symptoms; (b) Solely self-reported diagnosis; and (c) Surgical treatment for cataract in the past five years. Diabetes was base…